The below is an excerpt from a recent edition of Bitcoin Magazine Pro, Bitcoin Magazine’s premium markets newsletter. To be among the first to receive these insights and other on-chain bitcoin market analysis straight to your inbox, <\/em><\/strong>subscribe now<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Bitcoin\u2019s revolutionary Lightning Network has seen two major rollout initiatives begin in the last month, with new access for both the Southeast Asian region and Coinbase worldwide; nevertheless, it faces increased criticism that the entire protocol is fundamentally flawed. <\/p>\n The Lightning Network is a Layer-2 protocol being developed on Bitcoin\u2019s blockchain with the ambitious aim of trying to solve Bitcoin\u2019s scalability problem. Since the theory behind this protocol was first developed in 2016, it has seen major attention from the entire industry as a revolutionary new potential future. Essentially, Lightning seeks to further embrace the decentralized nature of Bitcoin by relying on a mesh network of locally hosted nodes to carry out its main functions. Microtransactions of BTC are made by various users, and they are processed through these nodes; smart contracts enforce a system where these tiny transactions are shuffled around and bundled. Then, these larger bundles are actually processed directly on the original blockchain, so congestion there is minimized and it\u2019s feasible to use Bitcoin for everyday transactions. Since development began, large and influential figures have endorsed the project; most famously, El Salvador\u2019s government uses<\/a> Lightning to make Bitcoin an accessible payment option for its whole citizenry. <\/p>\n Despite the early hype for the program, a persistent viewpoint that the project has stagnated has been on the rise. Going back years, multiple<\/a> defenses of Lightning\u2019s long-term viability<\/a> as a concept have also acknowledged its setbacks, claiming that the technology might not be sufficient as a \u201csilver bullet\u201d to solve the scaling problem itself. Even as the network grew<\/a> to its largest heights, a series of problems remained unshakeable. For example, smaller nodes may not have the practical capacity or startup capital to actually move users\u2019 money around; bugs hinder the user experience; merchant access is somewhat lacking; as well as other concerns. <\/p>\n Although these problems have been well-known, by April 2024, a few signs are leading community members to question<\/a> if a breaking point has come. A series of long-term developers have publicly quit<\/a> the project and denounced its flaws, and this list includes both<\/a> the protocol\u2019s original authors. As Paul Sztorc, Lightning developer and CEO at Layer Two Labs, put it, \u201ceveryone now admits that you cannot onboard 8 billion people\u201d to Lightning, a \u201cmicroscopic\u201d amount of total Bitcoin is actually available on Lightning, and most damningly, \u201calmost everyone who uses the real thing dislikes it\u201d amidst a series of complaints. Indeed, a particularly concerning statistic on Lightning\u2019s future prospects has emerged<\/a>, as the network\u2019s capacity for Bitcoin is steadily dropping even as its dollar capacity is at an all-time high.<\/p>\n Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n Nevertheless, these problems have not led the community as a whole to consider the project finished. For one thing, some long-term developers have displayed continued optimism<\/a> and willingness to keep building, and the determined spirit of Bitcoin has not left Lightning yet. More to the point, however, major progress is being made in the field of reliable market accessibility. In March 2024, Lightning company Neutronpay secured<\/a> $1.5 million in venture capital bridge funding to deepen network infrastructure and viability in Southeast Asia. Continued projects like this are vital to ensuring that users in less-developed regions are still able to access secure nodes.<\/p>\n This victory pales in comparison to the events of April 3rd, however, as Coinbase finalized<\/a> a secure partnership to roll out Lightning on its platform. Coinbase has voiced its general support for Lightning access for several months, but only a concrete agreement with a partner like Lightspark can turn this support into access for the exchange\u2019s worldwide user base. Coinbase is one of the largest exchanges in the world, with more than $150 billion in transaction volume on a quarterly basis, so combining its vast resources with Lightspark\u2019s specific technical know-how is sure to create durable node infrastructure. One of the biggest concerns for the network as a whole is the myriad problems that faulty nodes can create, so Coinbase will surely be a bulwark in that respect. <\/p>\n The whole situation for the Lightning Network bears remarkable similarities with Ordinals, another popular Layer-2 protocol for Bitcoin. Rather than create a platform to process Bitcoin microtransactions as regular payments, Ordinals instead seeks to transform BTC into a more durable microformat, not to be spent in regular payments. Ordinals is able to \u201cinscribe\u201d unique data onto individual denominations of bitcoin, which enables popular new tokenized assets to exist integrated with the leading blockchain. Of course, the project is not only used for these tokenized assets, as the inscription can be used to incorporate a huge variety of information into the indelible blockchain. In a particularly memorable episode, some developers even use Ordinals to inscribe<\/a> discontinued video games. <\/p>\n <\/a> This entire concept has drawn a fair share of ire from certain sectors of the community. Influential developer Luke Dashjr, for example, claimed<\/a> that the entire rationale behind Ordinals is a \u201cvulnerability\u201d in Bitcoin, one that is being \u201cexploited… to spam the blockchain.” The popularity of the Ordinals BRC-20 token has even been linked<\/a> to major congestion issues in Bitcoin, and Dashjr proposed a way to \u201cfix\u201d this alleged vulnerability and sabotage Ordinals\u2019 continued functioning. Even as the network congestion has declined, the whole concept still sees pushback. Binance quoted<\/a> their \u201congoing efforts to streamline product offerings\u201d as a rationale for completely removing Ordinals from their platform in April. <\/p>\n The criticism of Lightning does substantially differ from that of Ordinals, to be sure. Lightning\u2019s detractors call it a failed attempt to help Bitcoin\u2019s usability, while Ordinals\u2019 critics see its success as a threat to the same goal. Nevertheless, there are a number of similarities between the two positions: both have developed a cadre of vocal opponents, and both have seen recent practical setbacks to their overall capacity. Developers on Bitcoin\u2019s blockchain have always been an eclectic bunch, holding a wide variety of entirely different viewpoints on how to make Bitcoin better. Especially considering that the world of Bitcoin is both global and leaderless, it\u2019s no wonder that these complex Layer-2 protocols step on a few toes. <\/p>\n And yet, neither one of them is completely defeated. Dashjr\u2019s proposal to disable Ordinals was firmly rejected<\/a> by the community, and development continues. In an impressive turn, the trillion-dollar finance giant Franklin Templeton even endorsed<\/a> Ordinals with a report from their Digital Assets Division. This report claimed that Ordinals was driving a \u201crenaissance\u201d in Bitcoin adoption and that the new Ordinals products have both energized Bitcoin\u2019s user base and clearly demonstrated the blockchain\u2019s flexibility and superiority over its competitors. Praise like this from such an important source could truly be groundbreaking.<\/p>\n
\n Download the full 20-page research report prepared by Tuur Demeester<\/a> (Founder, Adamant Research<\/a>) for Unchained<\/a>.<\/p>\n